云南省2006年和2014年1～29岁人群乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

Sero-epidemiological survey on hepatitis B virus in Yunnan province, between 2006 and 2014

目的 分析2006、2014年全国两次乙型肝炎（乙肝）血清流行病学调查中云南省调查人群的乙肝血清学标志物检测结果。方法 采用多阶段随机抽样方法，抽取云南省6个疾病监测点1～29岁人群进行问卷调查及采集血标本，应用ELISA检测乙肝血清学5项标志物，检测结果录入数据库，利用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 云南省两次1～29岁人群调查，HBV感染率、HBsAg、HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc阳性率差异均无统计学意义，但2014年抗-HBs阳性率显著高于2006年，两次调查检出率最高的模式均为模式5（抗-HBs单项阳性）和模式6（HBsAg、抗-HBs、HBeAg、 抗-HBe、抗-HBc五项指标全阴性），其中2014年模式5的检出率显著高于2006年，但模式6的检出率显著低于2006年。2014年1～、5～和15～29岁人群HBsAg阳性率分别1.12%、1.61%和1.25%。10～、15～岁年龄组2014年抗-HBs阳性率显著高于2006年，20～29岁组2014年抗-HBc阳性率显著低于2006年。结论 云南省乙肝已基本得到控制，但仍需加强〈 15岁人群的防控措施。

Objective Through two nationwide sero-epidemiological survey programs on hepatitis B virus （HBV）, hepatitis B markers in Yunnan province were compared between the findings in 2014 and in 2006. Results were used to understand the HBV epidemic status in Yunnan province and to estimate the efficiency of measures on prevention and control of the disease. Methods People at the age of 1-29 years were sampled from 6 counties of the National Disease Surveillance sites in Yunnan province, by multi-stage random sampling method. Demographic information was collected by questionnaire, and 2-4 ml serum sample was taken to detect HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBc, HBeAg and anti-HBe, by ELISA method. Results were logged-in the database and analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Results Between the two studies, no statistically significant differences were observed on the overall HBV infection rates and the positive rates of HBsAg, HBeAg, anti-HBe, anti-HBc. Positive rate of anti-HBs in 2014 was significantly higher than that in 2006. The main two combination profiles of hepatitis B markers were through the fifth model which was positive only for anti-HBs and the sixth model which was negative for all markers in 2006, and the same in 2014. Detection rate through the fifth profile in 2014 was significantly higher than the rate in 2006, while the detection rate of the sixth profile in 2014 was significantly lower than the one in 2006. When analyzing the differences in the same age group, between the two surveys, results showed that the positive rate of anti-HBs in 2014 was significantly higher than that in 2006, in both the10-14 and the 15-19 years-old groups. Positive rate of anti-HBc in the 20-29 year-olds in 2014 was significantly lower than the one of 2006. The positive rates of HBsAg in the age groups of 1-4, 5-14 and 15-29 were 1.12%,1.61% and 1.25% respectively, in 2014. Conclusion Prevention and control measures on HBV seemed in great progres. However, more effective prevention and control measures should be taken continually among people under the age of 15, in Yunnan province.