北京地区居民睡眠时间分析

Sleep duration among urban and suburban residents in Beijing city: a cross-sectional study

目的分析北京市居民睡眠时间现状,为制定干预措施提供基础资料。方法于2010—2012年采用随机整群抽样方法,在北京地区抽取11 254名≥6岁居民进行入户面对面访问,对居民的睡眠时间进行和分析。结果北京市居民每天平均睡眠时间为(7.6±1.2)h,其中6~13岁为(8.8±1.0)h,14~17岁为(7.4±1.1)h,18~25岁为(7.7±1.1)h,26~64为(7.5±1.1)h,≥65岁为(7.5±1.4)h;14~17岁学生睡眠不足情况最为严重,<7 h的占20.9%,33.8%的学生睡眠时间<8 h,可能存在睡眠不足;6~13岁学生睡眠不足和可能不足的比例分别为1.4%和37.8%;不同性别居民中,≥65岁男性睡眠时间高于女性,18~25岁组女性高于男性;≥18岁成年人中郊区居民(城市发展新区和生态涵养发展区)睡眠时间高于城区(城市功能核心区和城市功能拓展区)。结论北京市居民中睡眠时间不足较睡眠过多的情况严重,学生特别是中学生睡眠不足的情况非常严重,需要进一步开展睡眠时间的宣传和干预。

Objective To describe the status quo of sleep duration among residents in Beijing city and to provide evidences for making intervention programs. Methods With stratified random cluster sampling, a cross-sectional face-to-face household questionnaire survey on sleep duration was conducted among 11 254 urban and suburban residents aged i〉 6 years from September 2010 to November 2012 in Beijing city. Results The average daily sleep duration was 7.6±1.2 hours among the participants. The daily sleep duration were 8.8±1.0,7.4±1.1,7.7±1.1,7.5±1, and 7.5±1.4 hours for the participants aged 6 - 13,14 - 17,18 - 25,26 - 64 ,and ≥65 years ,respectively. The participants aged 14 - 17 years reported the most serious sleep deficiency, of which,20. 9% had a sleep duration of less than 7 hours and 33.8% less than 8 hours;among the participants aged 6 - 13 years,1.4% and 37.8% reported the sleep duration of less than 7 and 8 hours. The males reported a longer sleep duration than the females among the participants older than 65 years;while among the participants aged 18 -25 years, the females reported a longer sleep duration than the males;for the adult participants （ ≥ 18 years old） ,the suburban residents reported a longer sleep duration than the urban residents. Condusion The prevalence of insufficient sleep is much higher than that of excessive sleeping among the residents in Beijing,especially among the teenagers and school-age children.