夏橙在赣州大面积推广可行性分析

THE FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF THE PROMOTION OF THE SUMMER ORANGE INTO LARGE AREA IN GANZHOU

[目的]夏橙比赣州地区其它的橙子品种具有一些比较优势,晚熟特性可以与其他品种错开季节销售,品质也较好,当前在赣州地区有小面积种植,评估夏橙是否在赣州地区大面积种植,对防范大规模种植带来的风险,具有重要意义。[方法]文章从夏橙要求的种植条件出发,通过赣州地区17个气象站40年资料与各个气象站的海拔建立了大于等于10℃积温与海拔关系模型,利用ARCGIS软件和赣州地区1:25万地理信息数据,分析赣州地区各地理信息网格点上热量条件,进而确定赣州区域内满足夏橙种植的热量条件,还分析了各站的极端气温、水分、日照和土壤情况,是否有利于夏橙种植。[结果]从土地类型、积温、日照、水分条件和土壤条件来看,赣州大部分适宜种植。从极端最低气温和历史性积温来看,赣州不适宜大面积种植,只有个别小气候区域,极端低温达不到零下3℃的区域才能种植。[结论]夏橙不适宜在赣州地区大面积推广,只适合在个别小气候环境适宜的区域种植。有待于未来培育耐低温的品种,才能大面积种植。

Ganzhou is located in the subtropical zone in southern margin of better weather conditions, where is fa- mous for the orange industry. The development of orange industry is of great significance to the development of the local economy. Summer orange in Ganzhou has more comparative advantage than other varieties of orange because of its late - maturing characteristics and good quality. Currently Ganzhou has a small area of planting. It is signifi- cant to assess whether the summer orange can planted in large scale of Ganzhou. Based on 40 - year weather data from 17 weather stations and their elevation, this paper established a model indicating the relationship between the temperature above l0 ~C and elevation, analyzed the heat conditions using ARCGIS software and Ganzhou 1：250, 000 geographic information data, and also discussed whether the temperatures, soil water, sunshine and soil situa- tion conducive were suitable for the summer orange planting. The results showed that： from the soil type, tempera- ture, sunlight, moisture conditions and soil conditions, it was suitable for the orange planting in Ganzhou. Howev- er, it was not suitable for large - scale cultivation due to the extreme minimum temperature and the historic accu- mulated temperature, except micro - climate regions, such as the high mountains and deep valleys. It concluded that it was not suitable for the popularization of summer orange in Ganzhou area. Therefore, it needed to cultivate new varieties with resistance to low temperature, so as to promote the orange planting in large scale.