永磁电机故障诊断和容错技术概述

Review on Fault Diagnosis and Fault Tolerant Control for Permanent Magnet Electrical Machines

永磁电机在国内一些关键装备领域(如轨道交通、电动汽车、风力发电)的应用日益增加,这些领域对电机的可靠性提出很高的要求。永磁电机由于存在旋转的永磁体,即使定子已断电,对电机的损坏行为仍将继续,因此电机状态监测、故障诊断及容错控制对维持系统安全可靠十分重要。文章阐述了永磁电机状态监测和故障诊断技术的发展近况,特别介绍了转子去磁、定子绕组匝间短路、转子偏心等故障的诊断方法及在非稳态下故障诊断、故障容错运行控制方法,指出系统故障预诊断和健康管理技术是未来发展方向。

Permanent magnet electrical machines （PMEM） have started to be more preferred in some safety critical application fields such as rail-transit, electric vehicle, wind power generation etc, and reliability of electrical machine is highly required in these fields. Due to the presence of rotating permanent magnets, damage to the machine will continue even if the stator is disconnected from the line, so condition monitoring, fault diagnosis techniques（CMFD） and fault tolerant control for PMEM are very important for system safe operation. It reviewed recent reports on CMFD for PMEM, specially diagnosis methods for faults such as rotor demagnetization, stator inter-turn short and eccentricity. Fault tolerant control and fault diagnosis under non-stationary condition for PMEM were also presented and prognosis and health management is pointed to be the trend in this field.