基于超级电容储能的列车制动节能技术

Braking Energy Saving Technology of Train Based on Super Capacitor Energy Storage

目前国内轨道交通系统大都采用电阻耗能型、逆变回馈型等方式对列车制动能量加以消耗或利用,但电阻耗能型造成了能量的浪费;逆变回馈型能量必须实时回馈电网,时间和功率的不固定性在电网负荷不大时对电网稳定性将产生一定的影响。文章通过对城轨牵引供电系统的研究、分析,提出一种超级电容储能系统结构,建立了超级电容储能装置的数学模型和计算条件,形成了相对完善的多重化控制技术。该电容型再生能量吸收利用方案已成功应用于广州地铁现场,它不仅能够将再生制动产生的能量存储起来,也可将制动能量回馈至直流牵引网,实现再生制动能量的充分利用。

Currently, methods such as resistor energy dissipation and inverter feedback are commonly adopted to consume or use the train braking energy in domestic rail transit system. Resistance energy consumption causes the energy waste, and inverter feedback energy must feedback to power grid in real time, in which the flexibility of time and power has a certain impact on the stability of grid when the grid load is not large. Based on the research and analysis of urban rail traction power supply system, it put forward a structure of capacitive energy absorption, established the mathematical model and calculation condition of the super capacitor energy storage device, and formed a relatively complete multi-control technology. The capacitive regenerative energy absorption and utilization scheme has been successfully applied to the Guangzhou Metro. It can not only store the energy generated by regenerative braking and, if necessary, but also feedback energy to the DC traction network, making full use of regenerative braking energy.