存量土地活化的机制与主体研究--基于台湾社区营造经验的延伸探讨

Mechanism and Subjects of Reinvigorating the Stock Land: Based on the Community Empowerment Experience of Taiwan

城市居住型存量土地的价值有着极大的提升空间。存量规划与社区营造二元互补,共同活化城市存量土地。现阶段大陆居民参与有待提高,需要借鉴社区营造机制,通过社会氛围活化带动地域空间发展。社区营造的机制是以项目为抓手,以社区精神为纽带,实现多元推动主体的参与和互动,共同促进社区发展。本文归纳出的五个推动主体包括领导团队、居民、社区规划师、政府与非政府组织,它们的相互关系与作用决定着社区营造的走向甚至成败。台湾地区的成功经验在于社区营造理念及相应的运作机制,而大陆地区在政府组织架构及执行力、历史文化积淀、居民集体意识等方面具有优势。新常态下的存量土地活化,应该重视多元主体参与、乡愁氛围的营造以及制度创新设计。

The value of urban residential stock land has great potential to be increased. It is binary complementary of stock planning and community empowerment to reinvigorating the stock land. Citizens of China's Mainland should be encouraged to take part in community development. Among the multiple approaches, the one which activates the social atmosphere could develop the regional space. The mechanism of community empowerment focuses on the following aspects： operated by projects; linked by community spirit; mukiple subjects participated and interacted, hence the development of community could be promoted. The relationship and interactions among five participate subjects include group leaders, citizens, community planners, public sector, and non-government organizations will affect whether the community empowerment could achieve success. The successful experience of Taiwan provides the idea and mechanism of community empowerment; while China's Mainland has advantages of governmental structure, power of execution, accumulation of history and culture, collective consciousness of citizen, etc. In order to reinvigorate the stock land, the research emphasizes participation of multiple subjects, cultivated nostalgia, and institutional innovation in the new normal.