农民居住形态与阶层分化:浙江例证

Farmers' Living Patterns and Stratum Differentiation:Case of Zhejiang Province

在浙江农村的调研发现,在乡村工业化和农民就业非农化的背景下,农民居住形态呈现空间区隔化,这体现了阶层分化并且进一步型塑了阶层分化再生产。农民居住区隔形成的具体机制包括:权力的空间化,即宅基地的指标化运作和有偿分配机制;资本的空间化,即村庄内部私下交易土地和富人阶层的土地经营性。宅基地的资本化运作满足了富人的需求,压制并排斥了贫弱阶层的居住需求,阶层分化再生产因此形成,其产生过程包括:村庄阶层间经济收入持续扩大;村庄底层家庭再生产陷入困境;阶层认知心态的确认。因此,在空间转型中,应当更加关注村庄弱势群体的利益,保障其合法居住权利,实现空间分配正义。

The research did in rural districts in Zhejiang province reflects the social stratum differentiation and further shapes reproduction of stratum differentiation under the background of rural industrialization and non agriculture Employment of farmers. The specific mechanism of the formation of farmers＇ residential includes two aspects： spatialization of power, that is the specific mechanism of farmer resident paid-distribution mechanism and spatialization of capital, that is land management of the village and the wealthy private land transactions. The capital operation of homestead meets the needs of the rich and the poor and suppresses the rejection of the housing demand. Thus, the reproduction of stratum differentiation is formed and its production process includes three aspects： village class income continuing to expand, the village bottom family troubling reproduction and cognitive psychology class confirming. Therefore, in the space transformation, we could pay more attention to the interests of the disadvantaged groups in the village, protecting their legitimate rights to live, and realizing the spatial distribution justice.