动态频谱管理技术发展研究

Development of Dynamic Spectrum Management Technologies

传统的静态频谱管理体制是造成频谱资源短缺现象的主要原因。动态频谱管理技术不同于传统的频谱管理技术,它的出现改变了当前授权用户长期独占频谱而又利用率不高的情况,允许机会式接入空闲频谱,提高了频谱管理的精确性、实时性,是解决频谱稀缺、提高频谱利用率的有效途径,也是推动无线通信产业可持续发展的必由之路。基于感知的动态频谱管理的优势在于,不依赖公共设施、组网灵活、适应性强;基于数据库的动态频谱管理,在提高频谱利用率和保护授权用户方面具有明显优势;基于模型的动态频谱管理,通过创建和交换频谱消耗模型,可以更加灵活高效地管理用频行为。通过介绍频谱信息获取、频谱接入、频谱决策等动态频谱管理关键技术,对三种典型的动态频谱管理架构进行了简要论述和比较分析,并展望了动态频谱管理技术的未来发展。

The traditional static spectrum management system constitutes the main reason for the shortage of spectrum resources.DSM（Dynamic Spectrum Management） technology is quite different from traditional spectrum management technology, and its appearance changes the situation that the authorized users occupy the spectrum in a long time and with low utilization rate. And to allow opportunistic access to free spectrum, improve the accuracy and real-time performance of spectrum management becomes an effective approach to alleviating spectrum scarcity and improving the spectrum utilization, and also the only way for promoting sustainable development of wireless communications. The superiority of DSM based on sensing lies in that it does not rely on public facilities and has flexible networking and strong adaptability, spectrum database- based DSM has clear superiority in improving spectrum utilization and protecting primary users, and model- based DSM can effectively and flexibly manage spectrum via creating and exchanging spectrum consumption model. Based on introduction of the key DSM technologies including spectrum information acquisition, spectrum access, spectrum decision, three kinds of typical DSM frameworks are briefly described, compared and analyzed. And finally the future develooment of DSM technologies is forecasted.