饮食控制及运动干预时限对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇的影响

The effect of diet control and exercise intervention given different time on pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨不同时限的饮食控制及运动干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇血糖及营养代谢指标的影响。方法选取75例我院妇产科确诊为妊娠期糖尿病的孕妇为研究对象,其中饮食控制及运动干预持续2个月以上的GDM孕妇为试验组[平均干预时间为(2.6±0.5)个月,n=43],而饮食控制及运动干预<2个月,>1个月的GDM孕妇为对照组[平均干预时间为(1.2±0.4)个月,n=32]。在治疗前及结束妊娠前分别采血测定空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、血清胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白及甘油三酯水平。结果试验组与对照组经饮食控制和运动干预后,空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白均较治疗前有明显下降(P<0.05),饮食控制和运动干预后2组上述指标的差别并无显著性(P>0.05)。结论饮食控制和运动干预持续1月以上即能良好控制妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖,改善体内营养代谢。

Objective In this study, it was discussed that the effect of diet control and exercise intervention given different time on the blood sugar and nutrient metabolism of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）. Methods 75 cases of women with GDM were selected as study objects, who were diagnosed by the affiliated hospital of Hainan medical college,and were divided into two groups according to different time of diet control and exercise intervention：experimental group which lasts over 2 months of intervention time （the average of intervention time was （2.6 ± 0.5 ）months,n=43）, control group which lasts less than 2 months of intervention time, but more than 1 month （the average of intervention time was （1.2 ± 0.4）months,n=32）.The levels of fasting blood glucose,serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, two hours postprandial blood glucose and high-density lipoprotein in blood sample were detected respectively before treatment and before termination of pregnancy. Results After diet control and exercise intervention, in both groups, the level of fasting blood sugar, two hours postprandial blood glucose, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） than before treatment, but there was no significant difference in above factors between the experimental group and control group after the treatments （P〉0.05）.Conclusion The diet control and exercise intervention in GDM women lasting 1 month above can get the good effect in their blood sugar and nutrient metabolism factors.