张謇的收入来源、财富去向与个人作派浅议

Zhang Jian:Sources of His Income,His Expenditures and His Behaviors

清末民初,张謇的收入来自职务工资、鬻字所得、社会赠予与企业红利等多种途径,其中,企业红利大大超过了前三类收入总和,构成张謇百万以上财富的主要来源。但是,张謇却将大部分财富捐赠给了南通以及国内外其他地区的社会公益事业,而在个人衣食住行方面表现出非常平民化的作派。张謇的平民化作派,是基于人生理念下的一种行为自觉,对他的众多善举形成了有力支撑。

During the final years of Qing Dynasty and the initial years of the Republic of China, Zhang Jian obtained his in- come from his salary, selling his calligraphy, societal donations, bonuses from his businesses and a number of other means. Out of all this, bonuses from his businesses made a much greater part than all the first three means added together, comprising the majority of his possession of over one million silver dollars. However, the majority of the wealth was given out to causes for public good in and out of Nantong, even in foreign areas. In contrast, he maintained a populist stance in all possible ways in his life, which, as a regulated means of behavior based on self-observed personal ideals, provided a strong support for the numerous charitable activities all his life.