游而牧之:游牧生产方式及其生态维度解读

Nomadism and Husbandry: Interpretation of Nomadic Production Mode and Its Ecological Dimension

游而牧之是游牧民族历史时期的经典生产方式,是游牧民族在长期的生产和生活中根据草原环境、季节变化与草原承载力等相关自然要素做出的合理选择,游而牧之生产方式成为可能,正是游牧草原宽广辽阔的自然生态空间、丰富独特的自然生物资源、适宜驯养的自然野生动物以及人对自然与动物习性规律的掌握等基于自然选择原理基础之上的文化选择,也是不断适应草原地区恶劣自然环境、多变气候条件、牲畜繁育习性,并不断应对自然灾害侵袭,人与环境不断相互适应的精致选择、精准组合和精当创造。游而牧之生产方式有效地维护游牧民族生存发展与草原自然生态环境系统的动态平衡,凸显其厚重的生态文明、生存智慧与生态哲学发展理念。

Nomadism and husbandry is a classical production mode in the historical period of nomadic people, it is also a reasonable choice of the nomadic people in accordance with the natural elements such as grassland environment, seasonal changes and grassland bearing capacity in the long period of pro- duction and life. It is possible of the production mode of nomadism and husbandry not only basing on the cultural choice due to the natural selection and the broad natural ecological space of the nomadic grassland, the abundant natural biological resources, the natural wild animals suitable for domestication, and the mastering the laws of nature and animal habits by human being so on, but slso the sophisticated choice, precise combination and precision creation each other~ between the people and the environment adapting to the harsh natural environment of grassland areas, the changing climate conditions, the breeding of livestock habits and the responding to natural disasters continuously, the production mode of nomadism and husbandry is effective in maintai- ning the dynamic balance between the survival and development of the nomadic people and the natural ecological environment of the grassland. It is also highlighting its survival wisdom of ecological civilization and development concept of ecological philosophy heavy.