20世纪20年代英国的远东均势政策及其对英日关系的影响

The Britain's Policy of Balance Power in the Far East and Its Influence on the Anglo-Japanese Relation in the 1920s

20世纪20年代,英国政府在处理英日关系时不断运用均势政策。在华盛顿会议和关税谈判中,英国为了恢复各国在华的均衡态势,采取了抑制日本的政策,并取得了一定的成效。在北伐战争期间,英国的在华利益受到了冲击,英国政府出于抑制苏联、打压国民政府的考虑,希望联合日本干涉革命,但随着中国局势的变化,英国又调整了政策,拒绝在济南惨案中支持日本。在推行均势政策的过程中,英国所采取的措施与日本的外交政策在很多方面发生了激烈的冲突,由此造成两国关系渐趋冷淡。

Equilibrium principle is the traditional ideology of the Britain＇s diplomacy, which is constantly applied to the Anglo-Japanese relation by the British government. In the Washington Conference and the Beijing tariff negotiations, in order to resume the balance of power in China, the British government adopted the policy of restraining Japan. In the Northern Expedition, with a view to restraining the Soviet Union and China, the British Government hoped to suppress the revolution with Japan. However, overall the strategies adopted by British Government were not completely consistent with the Japanese diplomacy. Even there were conflicts between the two countries, which caused that the bilateral relations became colder than the period of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance.