小麦品种周麦22茎秆生长特性及其与抗倒性的关系

Relation of the Stem Characters and Lodging Resistance of Zhoumai 22

为明确抗倒小麦品种周麦22的茎秆生长特性,为抗倒小麦品种选育提供理论依据,以生育期基本一致的4个小麦品种为材料研究了不同小麦品种节间生长特性、茎秆机械强度和倒伏指数的差异。结果表明:4个小麦品种的株高、穗下节间长无明显差异。但周麦22基部第二节间长相对较短,节间壁较厚,节间粗度小,同时,周麦22基部第二节间鲜物质密度和干物质密度最大,均与洛麦21、新麦18差异达显著水平。对茎秆机械强度和倒伏指数分析表明,周麦22茎秆机械强度最高,倒伏指数最低,与其他3个品种差异显著。对其茎秆生长特性与倒伏指数相关性分析表明,基部第二节间干重和干物质密度对周麦22号抗倒性影响最大,基部第二节间干重和干物质密度增大可以增强周麦22的抗倒能力。

In order to analysis the stem chaeracters of Zhoumai 22, four wheat varieties with the same mature period were selected as the test material. Different characters of the second bottom elongate stem、stem mechanical strength and Lodging index were measured. Results showed that： there was no difference in plant height and internode length below the spike between 4 varities, but Zhoumai 22 had significant difference from them in the second bottom internode length, the internode stem wall and the width. The second bottom stem fresh and dry density of Zhoumai 22 are both the largest（0.790g/cm^3 and 0.188g/cm^3, respectively）, which are significant differences from Luomai 21 and Xinmai 18. The stem mechanical strength of Zhoumai 22 was the largest as 0.790g/cm^3,and its lodging index was the smallest as 0.188g/cm^3, which were significant difference from others.