驳《单向度的人》对实证主义的批判

The Criticism Against Positivism in “One Dimensional Man”

对实证主义的批判是马尔库塞《单向度的人》的重要组成部分。马尔库塞分别从逻辑、语言两个方面对实证主义进行了批判。大多数学者没有就实证主义理论自身进行探讨,便对马尔库塞的批判采取了肯定态度。文章从实证主义相关理论自身出发,意在表明:马尔库塞所主张的实证主义的形式逻辑与革命性的辩证逻辑在研究对象、研究目的、研究方式上其实是殊途同归,而日常语言哲学并不如马尔库塞所言是非批判的。故而,马尔库塞借由逻辑、语言两个方面批判实证主义是无效的。

The criticism against positivism makes key part in Marcuse＇ s ＂The One dimensional Man＂ ,which is made from the aspects of logics and language. Many scholars a prove Marcuse＇ s criticism without considering positivism. Based on the theories related to positivism,it aims to argue that there is similarity between Marcuse＇ s formal logic and dialectical logic in terms of research subjects, goals and approaches. Furthermore, philosophy of language （on everyday language） is critical rather not critical as what Marcuse claims. Therefore, Marcuse＇ s criticism is invalid.