论蜀学之父苏洵的学术路径

On Academic Path of Shu School Father Suxun

在宋代这一特殊的学术土壤中,苏氏蜀学具有离经叛道、自成一格的学术特色。蜀学之父苏洵以杂家的思想姿态与面貌展现出多元与包容,力图在究天人之际与采经世治国之术之间取得平衡,其所作之古文,以经验事实为基础,以推阐理势为方法,以经史互证为思想资源,实为北宋初期古文运动之内在魂魄,具有鲜明的人文理性精神。笔者认为他的学术路径为以师法古人、杂取诸家为历史资源,以务出己言、经世致用为实践途径,借助策论思维解析六经,不仅摆脱了纵横家之阴谋气色,并将此升华为谋略,展现出历史功能主义的实学倾向,开启了北宋儒学复兴的新气象。

In Song Dynasty＇s special academic atmosphere, Shu School of Su was deviant and formed their own unique style. Shu School father Suxun unfolds pluralism and tolerance with his thought of the Eclectics, trying to obtain the balanced skill between combining man and nature and governing people. Based on the experiential facts, his ancient style prose has the characteristics of humanism spirit, taking methods of explaining reasons, Confucian mutual proving classics and history as thought resources which is in fact the inner soul of classical prose movement in the early Northern Song Dynasty. The author holds that his academic path takes modeling oneself after the ancients as the historical resources and being the equal of one＇s words and applying statecraft as the practical approaches. He draws support from the theory of discoursing on politics to analyze Six Classics. He not only extricates himself from Zhong Heng Jia Group＇s air of conspiracy but also sublimates it into strategy, showing the pragmatic tendency of historical functionalism, opening up the new atmosphere of revival of Confucianism in Northern Song Dynasty.