稻草活性炭的成型及其对H_2S的吸附性能

Preparation of biomass activated carbon and its adsorption performance with H_2S

为了开发出农业生物质废弃物合理利用的新途径,使粉末状活性炭产品利于实际运用中的运输,本文以生物质废弃物—稻草为原料,使用聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为粘结剂制备出粉末状稻草活性炭(AC)并将其成型。探究了粘结剂浓度、AC/PVB的质量比和成型压力等对材料的强度以及吸附H_2S性能的影响,并利用SEM、FT-IR和XRD分析了活性炭的结构。研究发现:当成型压力为15 MPa、粘结剂浓度为4%、粘结剂与炭的质量比为1∶1时,成型活性炭对H_2S的吸附性能最好,吸附时间可达70 min,强度可以达到15 N·cm^(-2);结构分析显示制备出的成型稻草活性炭,具有规则排列的孔洞,PVB的加入对炭的表面官能团未产生明显的影响,但加入量过大则会使活性炭的孔堵塞,影响H_2S的吸附。

In order to use agricultural biomass waste（ biomass waste products） efficiently and to render activated carbon products suitable for practical applications in transportation,in this paper,straw was used to prepare activated carbon with PVB as a binder. The experiment was carried out to explore the influence of binder concentration,the quality of the AC/PVB,and molding pressure on the strength of the molding material and the adsorption efficiency of hydrogen sulfide gas. The activated carbon structure was analyzed using scanning electron microscope（ SEM）,fourier transorm infrared spectroscopy（ FT-IR）,and x-ray diffraction（ XRD）. The experimental results showed that when the molding pressure was 15 MPa,the binder concentration was 4%,the ratio of binder to activated carbon was 1 ∶ 1,and the optimal adsorption time and adsorption strength were able to reach 70 min and 15 N·10^-4cm^-2,respectively. The structure analysis showed that the preparation of the molding straw activated carbon contained regularly arranged pores. When the concentration of PVB is 4% or so was added to the functional groups on the carbon surface,the adsorption of hydrogen sulfide was not significantly affected;however,if these holes in activated carbon were blocked because of excess PVB,the adsorption effect could be weakened.