基于表面活性剂的施工扬尘抑尘剂及其性能

Surfactant based suppressants for reducing fugitive dust in construction sites

针对建筑施工扬尘控制的需求,研究了适用于建筑施工扬尘的抑尘剂配方。该抑尘剂是由吸湿剂、凝并剂和表面活性剂组成的。采用含湿量、筛上和筛下土壤尘质量之比、渗透性作为指标,确定了组分及其浓度范围,通过正交实验筛选出最优抑尘剂配方,并对其抑尘性能进行了研究。结果表明,抑尘剂的最优组成为25%的氯化钙、0.25%的聚丙烯酰胺和0.05%的椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱。在吸湿放湿性实验中,喷洒过该抑尘剂溶液的土壤尘样品的10 d后含湿量大于9%;在抗风蚀性实验中,喷洒过抑尘剂溶液的土壤尘样品的损失率为0。

The formula for a dust suppressant to reduce fugitive dust at construction sites was investigated with the aim of controlling the fugitive dust caused by building operations. The dust suppressant consists of a moisture absorbent,coagulating agent,and surfactant. The components and their concentrations were determined according to the factors of moisture content,mass ratio of the soil dust on a sieve and under a sieve（ %）,and permeability. The optimal formula of dust suppressants was selected through an orthogonal experiment. Furthermore,an investigation of the performance of dust suppressants was also conducted. The experimental results indicate that the optimal composition of dust suppressants is 25% CaCl2,0. 25% polyacrylamide,and 0. 05% cocoalkanoylamido propyl betaine. In the experiment on the moisture absorbing and releasing property,the moisture content of the dust sample sprayed by the dust suppressants remained greater than 9% after 10 days. In the experiment on wind erosion resistance,the loss rate of the dust sample sprayed by the dust suppressants was 0%.