浙东白鹅与四川白鹅求偶行为和交配行为的观察比较

Observation and Comparison of Mating and Courtship Behaviors between Zhedong White Goose and Sichuan White Goose

本研究旨在揭示不同鹅品种间求偶和交配行为的差异及其对受精率的影响,为科学选配、提高水禽生产力和经济效益提供一定的理论依据。采用观察记录法,比较四川白鹅与浙东白鹅求偶行为和交配行为的差异,分析发现,鹅求偶方式可分为公鹅单方主动求偶、母鹅单方主动求偶和公母鹅互相求偶3种,其中公鹅单方主动求偶为主要方式,且纯繁组公鹅主动求偶的频次大于杂交组。浙东白鹅纯繁组互相求偶频次显著低于其他组(P<0.05),该组存在明显的选择性交配。浙东白鹅母鹅主动求偶频次与追逐公鹅频次均大于四川白鹅母鹅,其中反交组(四川白鹅♂×浙东白鹅♀)母鹅单方主动求偶和追逐公鹅的频次显著大于四川白鹅母鹅(P<0.05)。对不同鹅品种杂交组合中求偶交配行为与受精率进行相关性分析,发现受精率与成功交配频次和母鹅配合交配频次显著正相关(P<0.05)。结果表明:不同杂交组合鹅的求偶行为与交配行为存在差异,且种蛋受精率明显受交配次数的影响,研究结果为制定种鹅科学选配方案提供一定的理论依据。

This study aimed to reveal the difference of courtship and mating behaviors and its infl uence on fertilization among the different goose breeds, and provide a certain theoretical basis for scientifi c selection, development of waterfowl productivity and economic benefi t. We compared courtship behaviors and mating behaviors between Zhedong white goose and Sichuan white goose and analyzed the infl uence on fertilization by observing and recording the behaviors. The results showed that courtship behaviors were divided into three types including unilateral courtship of male goose, unilateral courtship of female goose, mutual courtship. The unilateral courtship of male goose predominated the courtship behaviors, and its frequencies in pure breeding groups were greater than that in hybridization groups. The mutual courtship frequency of Zhedong white goose pure breeding groups was signifi cantly less than that of other groups（P〈0.05）, which exhibited a signifi cant selective mating. Frequencies of female courtship and chasing male goose of Zhedong white goose were both greater than that of Sichuan white goose, especially in reverse cross group, the frequencies of female unilateral courtship and chasing male goose were significantly greater than Sichuan white female geese（P〈0.05）. Successful mating and accepting mating（female geese） were positively correlated with fertilization（P〈0.05）. The results suggested that there was difference of courtship and mating behaviors in different goose breeds, and provided a theoretical basis for the scheme of goose scientifi c selection.