低磷饲粮添加植酸酶对生长猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率和排泄量的影响

Low-Phosphorus Diet Supplemented with Phytase on Growth Performance, Apparent Nutrient Digestibility and Fecal Excretion of Growing Pigs

本试验旨在研究低磷饲粮中添加不同浓度的植酸酶对生长猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和粪便中矿物元素排泄量的影响。试验选用112头初始重为35~40 kg的健康长×大二元杂交生长猪,随机分为4个处理,每个处理4个重复,每个重复7头生长猪。阳性对照组饲喂常磷饲粮,阴性对照组饲喂低磷饲粮,试验组在低磷饲粮基础上分别添加500、1 000 U/kg的植酸酶。结果表明:相比于不添加植酸酶的低磷饲粮组,低磷饲粮+植酸酶组显著提高了生长猪的日增重、降低了耗料增重比(P<0.05),显著提高了灰分和磷的表观消化率、苯丙氨酸和半胱氨酸的表观消化率(P<0.05),显著提高了铜、铁、锰、镁和钴的表观消化率(P<0.05),显著降低了粪便中磷、铜、铁、锰和钴的排泄量(P<0.05)。由此可知,玉米-豆粕型低磷饲粮中添加植酸酶能够显著改善生长猪的生长性能、提高养分表观消化率、减少粪便中矿物元素的排泄量;在本试验条件下,生长猪饲喂有效磷2.4 g/kg的玉米-豆粕型饲粮时,添加500 U/kg植酸酶可达到与常磷饲粮相同的生长性能,添加1 000 U/kg植酸酶时养分表观消化率提高更明显。

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of phytase supplementation in low-phosphorus diet on growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and fecal excretion of growing pigs. One hundred and twelve healthy growing pigs（Landrace×Large White, 35~40 kg） were randomly allotted to 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 7 growing pigs per replicate. The growing pigs in positive control group were fed a normal phosphorus diet, while in negative control group were fed a low phosphorus diet. The pigs in experimental groups were fed a low phosphorus diet supplemented with 500 or 1 000 U/kg phytase, respectively. The results showed as follows. Compared with negative control group, supplementation with phytase signifi cantly increased average daily gain and decreased feed to gain ratio（P〈0.05） of growing pigs; significantly increased the apparent digestibility of Ash and P（P〈0.05） and significantly increased the apparent digestibility of essential amino acid Phe and non-essential amino acid Cys（P〈0.05）. Furthermore, the apparent digestibility of Cu, Fe, Mn, Mg, and Co was signifi cantly increased（P〈0.05） and the fecal excretion of P, Cu, Fe, Mn, Co was signifi cantly decreased（P〈0.05） by the supplementation of phytase. In conclusion, supplementation of phytase in corn-soybean meal low phosphorus diet can improve the growth performance, enhance the apparent digestibility of nutrients and decrease the fecal excretion of mineral element. In the present study, supplementation of phytase at 500 U/kg in corn-soybean meal low phosphorus diet（AP 2.4 g/kg） can achieve the same growth performance with normal phosphorus diet, and additional at 1000 U/kg have the higher effect on apparent nutrient digestibility.