早产儿视网膜病变筛查结果分析

Analysis the screening results of retinopathy of prematurity

目的对银川市早产儿进行视网膜病变(ROP)的筛查,以了解该地区早产儿ROP的发生情况。方法对608例NICU住院早产儿,采用间接眼底镜或眼底数码相机进行ROP筛查,并随访其预后。结果 608例早产儿中有59例发生ROP,ROP的发生率为9.7%;出生体重1 000 g~、1 500 g~、>2 000 g的早产儿,ROP的发生率分别为45.4%、28.6%、6.8%,其中Ⅰ期ROP 34例、Ⅱ期ROP 13例,经过复查在矫正胎龄42~44周时病变退行消失。Ⅲ期ROP 8例,Ⅰ型阈值前病变2例,阈值病变2例,及时激光治疗痊愈。结论出生体重<1 000 g及胎龄<28周是发生ROP的高危因子,进行正规筛查可以早期发现重度ROP,及时给予干预,以降低ROP的致盲率。

Objective To analysis the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）in Yinchuan. Methods A ROP screening was performed in 608 preterm infants hospitalized in NICU. Results The incidence of ROP was 9.7% and the incidence of ROP with the preterm infants were 45.4% （birthweight 〈 1 000 g） ,28.6% （ birthweight 1 000 g - ） and 6.8% （ birthweight 〉 1 500 g）. ROP in Stage Ⅰ was 34 cases, ROP in stage lI was 13 cases. They all recovered at the corrected gestational age in 42 - 44 week. ROP in stage Ⅲ was 8 cases,2 cases were prethreshold ROP 1 ,2 cases were threshold ROP. All cases of severe ROP got timely treatment of photocoagulation and were cured. Conclusion The incidence of ROP was kept higher in preterm infants with birth weight less than 1 000 g and gestational age less than 28 weeks（45.4% and 50.0% ）. The incidence of severe ROP was also very high in these preterm infants, therefore, normal screening and timely therapy is important for reducing blindness of ROP.