美国家宅财产制度的启示--破解中国农民住房财产抵押贷款风险的新思路

Enlightenment of US homestead exemption system to the residential property mortgage problem of farmers in China

目前我国正在开展农民住房财产权抵押贷款试点,各试点地区先后推出不同的抵押模试,但运行过程中农民遇到了资不抵债可能失去居所的难题。本文重点分析了美国家宅财产豁免制度的理念、内容和特点,并以此为借鉴根据中国国情得出中国应该明确农民取得住宅财产的条件和豁免范围,对住房财产的价值或住房面积给与一定的豁免,农民住房财产定位为人格财产和生存财产,以及宪法、破产法、税法协调跟进的破解思路。

This paper aims to study the basic content of homestead exemption system in America to provide reference for the farmers＂ residential property mortgage reform in China. It focuses on the concept, content and characteristics of the US home property exemption system. Combined with China＇s national conditions, it points out farmer residential property exemption conditions and exemption range should be clarified; farmer housing property be defined as personality property and living property to give a certain exemption for the value of housing property or housing area, and the constitution, bankruptcy law, tax law be modified.