人类学视域下峨眉武术的源流与文化特征

The Origin and Cultural Character of E-mei Wushuin the Perspective of Anthropology

地域武术是诠释和表达民间社会历史文化的窗口.采用人类学理论与方法,以峨眉武术为研究对象,运用文献资料调研、逻辑分析以及民族志的书写范式,基于历时性角度和共时性视角,从动态与静态、纵向与横向的维度探究峨眉武术的源流及文化特征.研究认为:峨眉武术孕育于上古,源起在春秋,形成于战国,成熟在南宋,盛世在明清,弘扬于当代,享誉于海外;峨眉武术的文化特征,武以山名、山以武显,依附自然,凸显地域色彩;内外双修,彰显禅道相和;拳种丰富,贯通传统要义.通过人类学视域下对峨眉武术源流的梳理和文化特征的阐释,以期为拓展和深化峨眉武术文化的研究及巴蜀武术的发展提供一定的理论借鉴和现实指导.

Regional wushu is a revealing window to interpret and manifest the folk history and culture and society of a re- gion. By means of anthropology theory and approaches, the E-mei wushu is taken as the research subject to explore its origin and cultural character on the basis of the perspectives of history and synchronicity, using literature survey and logical analysis and the writing paradigm of ethnography, from the dimensions of both static and dynamic, vertical and horizontal properties. The research concludes that the E-mei wushu incubated during the antediluvian period and originated in the Spring and Autumn period and formed in the Warring States period, and matured in the Southern Song, prospered in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and is becoming popular in present era both home and overseas~ the cultural characteristics of E-mei wushu： Wushu gains repu- tation because of the mountain and the mountain becomes eminent because of the wushu, the regional character embedded in the nature becomes increasingly outstanding~ integration of physical motion and mind displays the harmony ofdhyana and the Tao~ the abundance in the forms of boxing expounds profoundly the traditional essence. Through the combing of the origins of E-mei wushu and the exposition of its cultural features, the effort is done to provide some theoretical reference and practical guidance for the study of Emei wushu and the development of Ba and Shuwushu.