少、弱、畸精子症相关遗传基因研究进展

Genetic genes associated with oligospermia,asthenospermia and teratospermia:Advances in studies

目前研究发现与精子发生相关的基因约2 300个,其表达在调控精子的发生过程中起着重要的作用。近年来,少、弱、畸精症的相关遗传基因成为研究的热点,相关研究试图从分子水平上探讨少、弱、畸精症发生的机制,并取得了一些成果,一些基因如GSTM1、DNMT3L和CYP1A1可能与少精症的发生有关;一些基因如CATSPER1、CRISP2、SEPT4、TCTE3、TEKT4和DNAH1可能与弱精症的发生有关;一些基因如DPY19L2、AURKC,可能与畸精症的发生有关。这些相关的基因研究为少、弱、畸精症的发病机制提供了可能的分子基础,同时也为探索新的诊治技术提供了新的思路。本文就少、弱、畸精症的部分相关遗传基因的最新研究进展作一综述。

Approximately 2,300 genes are found to be associated with spermiogenesis and their expressions play important roles in the regulation of spermiogenesis. In recent years, more and more attention has been focused on the studies of the genes associated with oligospermia, asthenospermia and teratospermia and their molecular mechanisms. Some genes, such as GSTM1, DNMT3L, and CYP1A1, have been shown to be potentially associated with oligospermia; some, such as CATSPERI, CRISP2, SEPT4, TCTE3, TEKT4, and DNAH1, with asthenospermia; and still others, such as DPY19L2 and AURKC, with teratospermia. These findings have provided a molecular basis for the studies of the pathogenesis of oligospermia, asthenospermia and teratospermia, as well as a new ap- proach to the exploration of new diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.