叙事体戏剧与包豪斯剧场

Epic Theatre and Bauhaus

二十世纪二十年代,在德国出现了叙事体戏剧,被认为是一种新型的戏剧形式——它结合了表现主义和新现实主义的特点,具有客观的纪实文学风格。叙事体戏剧起初由业余演员组成的剧团在大街上表演讽刺政局的滑稽短剧。皮斯卡托和布莱希特后来成为这一领域的代表人物,"陌生化效果""辩证戏剧""历史化"等词汇开始成为叙事体戏剧新的表达理念。与此同时,"重估一切价值"的包豪斯学派开始影响世界的艺术发展,其衍生出来的剧场、戏剧、舞蹈,都与叙事体戏剧有着密切的联系,两者对1919年之后的戏剧发展带来了极大影响。

In Germany,a new theatrical mode, usually called epic theatre emerged in the 1920s. It combined features of expressionism and neorealism, a style of objective documentary writing as well as distinctive features of its own. At the same time, the Bauhaus school started to influence the development of the world art. Theatre, drama and dance derived from it are closely related to epic theatre. Both of them have had a great influence on the development of drama after 1919.