劳动解放与自然的复魅

The Liberation of Labor and the Enchantment of Nature

长期以来,马克思的劳动解放仅仅被规定为劳动主体的解放,自然的解放被忽略。然而劳动与自然在资本主义生产方式中的关系表明,劳动解放与自然解放具有内在的辩证统一关系。自然解放构成了劳动解放的前提,惟有实现自然解放,劳动者才能实现与自然的直接联系。这意味着废除资本主义私有制。同时,自然解放又构成了劳动解放的结果,摆脱劳动的资本主义形式,使用价值就会成为生产的目的,人与自然的和谐相处将会取代对自然的贪婪攫取。资本主义生产劳动具有二重性,内含辩证法因素,积攒着否定资本主义生产资料私有制的内部力量,使劳动解放与自然解放具有现实性。

Marx＇s labor liberation has been only defined as the liberation of the main body of la- bor for a long time. However, the relationship between labor and nature in the capitalist mode of production shows that there is an inherent dialectical unity between labor liberation and natural liberation.Labor liberation constitutes the premise of natural liberation. Only by realizing the lib- eration of nature can the workers realize the direct contact with nature,which means abolishment of capitalist private ownership. In the meantime, natural liberation constitutes the result of labor liberation. To get rid of the capitalist form of labor, the use of value will be the purpose of pro- duction, resulting in the harmony between man and nature will replace the greed grab of nature resource. The productive labor of capitalism has the dual character, which contains the dialectical factor and accumulate the internal forces of negating the capitalistic private ownership of produc- tion material, as well as making the labor liberation and natural liberation realistic.