多目标搜索过程中的眼动研究

Eye movement study in multiple object search process

本文主要探讨多目标搜索过程中目标搜索时间的规律和眼动行为特征。试验任务由计算机编程实现,并将字符呈现在1个24英寸的显示器上,任务要求受试者在呈现的字符中找出3个目标字符,同一组的3个目标字符之间具有较高的相似度,而不同组的目标字符和干扰字符之间具有不同的相似度。试验过程中记录了搜索时间数据和眼动数据。结果表明,目标字符与干扰字符相似度较高时注视点数量也较多;受试者在搜索过程中主要有三种眼动模式,即平行搜索模式、系列搜索模式和平行-系列搜索模式,且平行-系列搜索模式具有最好的搜索绩效,即使用平行-系列搜索模式的受试者所用的时间最短;目标呈现的顺序对于搜索绩效有明显影响;目标字符与干扰字符之间的相似度也会影响搜索绩效。

The aim of this study is to investigate the search time regulation of objectives and eye movement behavior characteristics in the multi-objective visual search. The experimental task was accomplished with computer programming and presented characters on a 24 inch computer display. The subjects were asked to search three targets among the characters. Three target characters in the same group were of high similarity degree while those in different groups of target characters and distraction characters were in different similarity degrees. We recorded the search time and eye movement data through the whole experiment. It could be seen from the eye movement data that the quantity of fixation points was large when the target characters and distraction characters were similar. There were three kinds of visual search patterns for the subjects including parallel search, serial search, and parallel-serial search. In addition, the last pattern had the best search performance among the three search patterns, that is, the subjects who used parallel-serial search pattern spent shorter time finding the target. The order that the targets presented were able to affect the search performance significantly; and the similarity degree between target characters and distraction characters could also affect the search performance.