论古州侗族萨玛文化的地域特色与时代变迁

A Study on the Regional Characteristics and Diachronic Changes of Sama Culture of Guzhou Dong Minority

根据在三宝侗寨田野考察所获得的民俗生活材料,特别是口头传统中有关侗族女神"萨玛"的故事和传说,结合当地萨玛祠的管理方式、萨玛祠管理限的交接、祭萨仪式以及萨玛节展演的行为细节,和黎平侗族村寨进行对比,对学界目前比较普遍的三宝侗族萨玛节是"母系氏族遗存"和"原生态文化"等观点提出质疑,并大胆尝试在侗、汉等多民族居住交界处,应从文化"多维度变迁"的角度对民俗现象进行审视和分析的新思路。

According to the folk life materials of field study on Sanbao Dong Minority villages, specially to the stories and legends of the Dong goddess Sama in oral tradition, combined with the management of local Sama Temple, the handover of administrative privilege of local Sama Temple, the sacrifices to Sama goddess, the behavior details of people in Sama Festival, compared with the folk materials of Liping Dong village, the generally accepted view in academic circle that Sambao Sama Festival is the remains of the maternal clan and the original ecological culture is challenged. And a courageous attempt was made to examine and analyze the folk phenomenon from the perspective of multi dimensional change of culture at the junction of Dong- Han and other minorities.