陕甘宁边区留守兵团文化学习运动研究——以《解放日报》为视角

A Study of the Cultural Learning Movement by the Rear Corps in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area: a Perspective of Jiefang Daily

陕甘宁边区留守兵团于抗日战争的特殊历史时期,在边区特殊的地理和生活环境中开展文化学习运动,作为当时中共中央机关报的《解放日报》对此长期予以关注。以《解放日报》为视角,可以清晰梳理留守兵团学习运动的概貌:在办学形式上,从一开始的片面追求"正规化"之后逐步走向探索适合部队环境和实际的"因地因时制宜"的方式;通过讲道理、学榜样、解难题的方式破除战士轻视文化学习的旧观念,为战士们学习解决物资奇缺的燃眉之急;同时创造出了适合部队实际、适合战士需要的学习方式。正是因为培养出了这样一支"有文化的军队",中国共产党人为中国革命和建设的最终胜利提供了最重要的保证。

The rear corps in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area staged a cultural learning movement in the context of a special historical period of the Anti-Japanese War. And Jiefang Daily, as the then mouthpiece of the CPC central committee, had paid long attention to it. In the perspective of Jiefang Daily, the text can draw a general picture of the learning movement by the rear corps. The form of running the school had changed gradually from the one-sided pursuit of normalization at the beginning to the operation acting as circumstances permitted. By bringing out facts and reasons, calling on learning from the models or examples and solving problems, it helped the fighters get rid of the old perception of despising the cultural learning and solve some difficulties in learning activities. Meanwhile, it created a way of learning to meet the actual needs for the soldiers and the armies. Such a learned army fostered by the Chinese Communists provides a most important guarantee for the final victory in the Chinese revolution and construction.