采煤工作面信道衰落环境下的WSN分簇协议

Power-efficient clustering protocol for coal mining face monitoring with wireless sensor networks under channel fading

针对无线信号在采煤工作面环境时变衰落特征,提出一种基于跨层设计的分簇协议(LEACH-CL),记录参与竞争节点数和设置滑动窗口,稳定簇首生成数最优.通过探测帧获取节点与基站间的信道效率,联合节点剩余能量信息,作为簇首选则的判断依据,设计一种适应无线信号衰落的成簇协议,并通过一定的衰落储备法调节节点不同时期的发送功率.仿真实验表明:与同类3种算法(LEACH、ALEACH和LEACH-SWDN)比较,LEACH-CL协议网络拓扑比较稳定,在信号衰落环境下适应性强,有效地延长了网络的生命期,降低网络丢包率,更适应于采煤工作面复杂多变环境特征.

Aiming at the time-varying fading characteristics of radio waves in coal mining face,a clustering protocol based on cross-layer is proposed. Number of active sensor nodes is recorded initially and sliding window is set up to keep optimal number of stable cluster heads in each round. The channel efficiency between nodes and base stations is calculated by probe frame,and surplus energy information is combined as a selection criterion of cluster head,to design a clustering protocol adapting to wireless signal time-varying fading. In addition,the sending power in different phases of the nodes is regulated by certain fade margin method. Simulation experiments show that compared with other three similar algorithms（ LEACH,ALEACH and LEACH-SWDN）,LEACH-CL protocol features stable network topology and strong adaptability under signal fading,thus effectively prolonging the network lifetime and reducing the network packet loss rate,hence it is more suitable for complex and changeable coal mining face.