女性准分子激光手术患者人格特征和应对方式与心理健康水平的相关性

Correlations among personality characteristics, coping styles and mental health in female patients undergoing excimer laser surgery

目的探讨女性准分子激光手术患者人格特征和应对方式与心理健康水平的相关性。方法选取2014年7—9月于北京大学人民医院眼科就诊并行准分子激光手术治疗屈光不正的女性患者46例。发放问卷46份对女性患者进行调查研究，调查问卷包括自编一般情况调查表、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）、简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）。比较女性患者与女性常模EPQ评分（1239例常模）、SCSQ评分，并采用Pearson等级相关分析女性患者EPQ和SCSQ与手术前SCL-90的相关性。结果回收有效问卷43份。女性患者神经质评分高于女性常模[（14±5）分比（11±5）分]，精神质和掩饰性评分均低于女性常模[（4．6±2．0）分比（6．6±3．3）分、（10±3）分比（13±4）分]，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。女性患者积极应对维度评分明显高于女性常模[（2．0±0．5）分比（1．8±0．5）分]，消极应对维度评分明显低于女性常模[（1．3±0．5）分比（1．6±0．7）分]，差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0．05）。女性患者内外向与躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁和精神病性呈负相关（r=-0．422、-0．353、-0．467、-0．330，均P〈0．05）；神经质与躯体化、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对性、偏执、精神病性和阳性项目数呈正相关（r=0．354、0．520、0．547、0．532、0．631、0．583、0．551、0．423、0．553，均P〈0．05）；精神质与强迫和敌对性呈正相关（r=0．350、0．311，均P〈0．05），掩饰性与手术前SCL-90各因子均无显著相关性（P〉0．05）。女性患者积极应对维度和消极应对维度与手术前SCL-90各因子均无显著相关性（P〉0．05）。结论女性准分子激光手术患者存在一定特征性的人格特征和应对方式，患者手术前心理健康水平与人格特征中的神经质相关。

Objective To explore correlations among personality characteristics, coping styles and mental health in female patients with excimer laser surgery. Methods A total of 46 female patients who had excimer laser surgery for ametropia from July to September 2014 in Peking University People＇s Hospital were enrolled for questionnaire survey. Questionnaires included a self-made general questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Question- naire（ EPQ）, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ） and Symptom Checklist 90（ SCL-90）. Scores of EPQ and SCSQ were analyzed between female ametropia patients and norms of 1 239 cases. Correlations among EPQ, SCSQ and SCL-90 were analyzed by Spearman rank analysis. Results In 43 valid questionnaires, neurotieism score in female patients was significantly higher than that in norms [ （ 14 ± 5 ） scores vs （ 11 ± 5 ） scores ] （ P 〈 0. 05 ）; psychoticism and lie scores in female patients were significantly lower than those in norms [ （4. 6 ± 2. O） scores vs （6. 6 ± 3.3 ） scores, （ 10 ± 3 ） scores vs （ 13 ± 4 ） scores ] （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Positive dimension score in female patients was significantly higher than that in norms [ （ 2. 0 ± 0. 5 ） scores vs （ 1.8 ± 0. 5 ） scores ] （ P 〈 0. 05 ） ; negative dimension score in female patients was significantly lower than that in norms [ （1.3 ± 0. 5 ）scores vs （ 1.6 ± 0. 7 ） scores ] （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Export-oriented in EPQ showed negative correlations with somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and psychoticism in SCL-90 （ r = - 0. 422, - 0. 353, - 0. 467, - 0. 330; P 〈 0.05）. Neuroticism in EPQ showed positive correlations with somatization, force, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoid, psychoticism and numbers of positive items in SCL-90 （ r = 0. 354, 0. 520, 0. 547, 0. 532, 0. 631,0. 583, 0. 551,0.423, 0. 553; P〈0. 05）. Psychoticism in EPQ showed positive correlations with force and hostility（ r = 0. 350, 0. 311 ; P 〈 0. 05 ） ; lie, positive dimension and negative dimension in EPQ had no correlations with any items in SCL-90 （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusions There are certain personality characteristics and coping styles in female patients with excimer laser surgery. The mental health of female patients before operation is related to neuroticism in EPQ.