基于Fluent的高速动车组齿轮箱迷宫密封数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Labyrinth Seal of High Speed EMU Gearbox based on Fluent

以设计的某高速动车组齿轮箱迷宫密封为研究对象,利用Fluent软件对迷宫密封内部流场进行数值模拟,得出了迷宫密封内部流场的压力、速度、速度矢量以及湍流分布云图,分析了齿轮箱迷宫密封的密封机理与过程。结果表明,流体流经密封间隙时是加速降压过程,但压力降低很少,流体流出密封间隙进入空腔时是等压增阻过程,进入空腔后,腔体中心的湍流度最大、压力最小,随着距腔体中心的距离增大,速度递增,压力也递增。分析了齿轮箱在3种典型工况中形成的不同压比下的迷宫密封内部流场分布特性,表明泄漏量随着进出口压比的增加而增加,且压比与泄漏量之间成非线性关系。仿真结果可作为齿轮箱迷宫密封设计的参考依据。

Taking designed labyrinth seal of a high speed EMU gearbox as the research object. The numerical simulation of the internal flow field of labyrinth seal is carried out by using the Fluent software, the pressure, speed, velocity vector and turbulence distribution cloud of the internal flow field of the labyrinth seal are obtained. The sealing mechanism and process of the gearbox labyrinth seal is analyzed. The results show that the fluid flows through the sealing gap when the pressure is reduced, the pressure is reduced very little. When the fluid flows out of the sealing gap into the cavity is the pressure equalizing process. After entering the cavity, the turbulivity of the cavity is the largest and the pressure is the smallest. As the distance from the cen- ter of the cavity increases, the speed increases and the pressure increases. The distribution characteristics of the flow field in the labyrinth seal under different pressure ratios are analyzed, which indicated that the leakage in- creases with the increase of the inlet/outlet pressure ratio, and the pressure ratio is not linearly related to the leakage. The simulation results can be used as reference for the design of gearbox labyrinth seal.