广州市部分社区老年人用药现状与药学服务需求调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of Medication Situation and Need for Pharmaceutical Services of Geriatric People from Some Communities in Guangzhou

目的:探索医院药师参与社区药学服务的途径和方法,为保障老年人安全用药提供参考。方法:随机选取广州市越秀区、荔湾区部分社区老年人就其用药现状与药学服务需求进行问卷调查,并对调查数据进行统计和分析。结果:共发放问卷300份,回收有效问卷283份,有效回收率为94.33%。受访者中,具有高中以上学历的占64.66%;享有城镇居民医保的占87.99%;所患主要疾病种类以高血压、骨质疏松、高脂血症、糖尿病等慢性病为主;习惯从大型医院和社区医院购买药品的分别占55.48%和40.28%;从医院医师和药师处了解药品信息的分别占72.08%和12.72%。受访者用药种类较多,72.44%会完全按医嘱服药。受访者家中随意摆放药品的占44.88%。认为药师现阶段能负起的职责是配发药的受访者占68.20%,认为其能提供用药指导和咨询服务的受访者仅占28.27%;在对社区药学服务的期望方面,选择日常保健知识讲座和合理用药知识讲座的比例相对更高。结论:社区老年人用药种类多,存在诸多不利于安全用药的问题,对社区药学服务的需求非常迫切,这也对药师的专业素质提出了更高的要求。

OBJECTIVE： To explore the ways and methods for pharmacists to participate in community pharmaceutical care, and to provide reference for guaranteeing safe use of drugs in the elderly. METHODS： Questionnaire survey about medication situations and pharmaceutical care demands was conducted among the elderly randomly selected from some communities of Guangzhou Yuexiu District and Liwan District. The investigation data was analyzed statistically. RESULTS： Totally 300 questionnaires were sent out, and 283 were recycled with effective recovery rate of 94.33%. Among respondents, 64.66% geriatric people had a high school education or above and 87.99% elderly people enjoyed medical insurance for urban residents; the major health problems of the elderly were chronic diseases like hypertension, osteoporosis, hyperlipidemia, diabetes. 55.48% interviewees preferred to purchasing drugs from governmental hospitals and 40.28% interviewees used to purchase drugs from community hospitals; in terms of understanding of drug information, 72.08% interviewees tended to consult doctors about drug use but only 12.72% interviewees tended to consult hospital pharmacists about drug use. Interviewees often took various kinds of drugs, there were 72.44% interviewees taking drugs according to the doctor＇ s advice. 44.88% interviewees accustomed to storing drugs at discretion. 68.20% interviewees deemed that the responsibilities of the pharmacists were drug dispensing, but only 28.27% interviewees thought that pharmacists could provide medication guidance and consultation; in terms of community pharmaceutical care, interviewee had much greater demands to daily care and rational drug use of lectures. CONCLUSION： Geriatric people take many different drugs to treat their diseases in those communities, there are many problems that are not conducive to safe drug use. Those reflected urgent need for community pharmaceutical care, and then higher requirements are put forward for the professional quality of pharmacists.