高产高油桂郁金种质的筛选

Screening of High-yield and High-oil Curcuma kwangsiensis

目的:建立分析高产高油桂郁金挥发油的方法,以期为桂郁金良种选育繁育提供参考。方法:采用气相色谱-质谱联用法。色谱条件:色谱柱为HP-5MS石英弹性毛细管柱,载气为高纯氦气(99.999%),载气流量为1.0 m L/min,进样口温度为250℃,色谱柱初始温度为50℃(程序升温),分流进样,分离比为10∶1。质谱条件:电离方式为电子轰击离子源,电离能量为70 e V,离子源温度为230℃,四极杆温度为150℃,传输线温度为280℃,电子倍增器电压为1 588 V,质量扫描范围为m/z 45~500。从100株不同种质样品中筛选产量大、含油量高的桂郁金较好种质,比较筛选单株的挥发油成分及各成分的相对含量,采用SPSS 22.0统计软件进行聚类分析。结果:共筛选出10个桂郁金高产高油种质,鉴定出54种化合物,10个不同种质的桂郁金挥发油共有成分为樟脑、1-石竹烯、γ-榄香烯、莪术烯、吉马酮、新莪术二酮,大多数种质含有龙脑、异龙脑、δ-榄香烯、大根香叶烯、白菖烯。C78、C104、药用2的产量、挥发油含量以及挥发油中有效成分相对含量均较高。10个桂郁金高产高油种质可以分为3类。结论:该研究基本明确了高产高油桂郁金挥发油的主要化学成分,C78、C104、药用2为高产高油桂郁金种质中较优良的品系。

OBJECTIVE： To establish a method for analyzing the volatile oil of high-yield and high-oil Curcuma kwangsiensis, and to provide reference for its breeding. METHODS： GC-MS was performed on the column of HP-SMS quartz elastic capillary column, carrier gas was high purity helium （99.999%）, flow rate was 1.0 ml/min, inlet temperature was 250 ℃, the initial temperature of column was 50 ℃ （temperature programmed）, split injection with split ratio of 10 ： 1. Mass spectrometry conditions： ionization mode was the electron impact ion source, ionization energy was 70 eV, the ion source temperature was 23℃, the quadrupole temperature was 150 ℃, transmission line temperature was 280℃, the electron multiplier voltage was 1 588 V, and mass scanning range was m/z 45 to 500. High-yield and high-oil germplasm of were screened from 100 different germplasms, the volatile oil composition of single plant and relative percentage contents of each composition were compared, SPSS 22.0 software was used for cluster analysis. RESULTS： Totally 10 high-yield and high-oil germplasm were screened, 54 kinds of compounds were identified, the common compositions of 10 different germplasms were camphor, 1-caryophyllene, γ-elemene, curcumene, gemma ketone and new curdione, most germplasms contained bomeol, isoborneol, σ-elemene, germacrene and calamine. The C78, C104, purpose 2, volatile oil content and relative percentage contents of active compositions in volatile oil were high. The 10 high-yield and high-oil germplasms can be divided into 3 groups. CONCLUSIONS： The study basically clears the main chemical composition of volatile oil of high-yield and high-oil C. kwangsiensis, C78, C104 and purpose 2 are the more excellent strains in high-yield and high-oil C. Kwangsiensis germplasm.