酸敏感离子通道在癫痫发病中作用的研究进展

Recent advance in role of acid sensing ion channels in process of epilepsy

酸敏感离子通道是非电压依赖性氢离子门控性阳离子通道，目前共发现4个基因编码的6种亚基。该通道对细胞外氢离子敏感，当pH值降低时开放。近年来，越来越多证据表明酸敏感离子通道涉及许多与组织酸化有关的生理和病理过程，包括突触传递、炎症、缺血、疼痛和痫性发作等。因此，该离子通道是潜在的疾病干预靶点。本文围绕酸敏感离子通道的结构、分布，及其与癫痫之间关系的研究进展综述如下。

Acid sensing ion channels （ASICs） are voltage-independent, proton-gated, cation-selective channels composed of 6 different subunits which are encoded by 4 genes. These channels are sensitive to extracellular protons and open when the pH value decreases. Recently, accumulating evidences have suggested that activation of ASICs is involved in many physiological and pathological conditions associated with tissue acidification, including synaptic transmission, inflammation, ischemia, pain and epileptic seizures. Therefore, targeting these channels emerges as a potential promising therapeutic strategy to combat these diseases. This review will focus on the structure and distribution of ASICs, with special emphasis on their changes in the process of epilepsy, the influence they exert on seizure severity, as well as the possible mechanisms by which they modulate this disease.