钢管作圆筒的热交换器设计与制造

Design and Manufacture of Heat Exchangers with Cylindrical Shell Made from Steel Pipe

热交换器管束能否顺利穿入壳体,不仅关系制造的可靠性,而且更影响使用与维修。以一台浮头式冷却器在制造过程中发生管束难以穿进壳体为例,对钢管作壳体圆筒的热交换器设计与制造的相关问题进行了分析讨论,结果发现,为保证管束顺利装入壳体,不仅要注重折流板外径根据钢管实测最小内径确定,而且尚应根据钢管的实测最小内径确定相关元件如壳体法兰内径。较为合理的解决方案是,在热交换器设计时,壳体圆筒用钢管外径与壁厚一经确定,就应预先订购钢管并要求钢管厂给出钢管的实测最小内径值,而制造工艺也应对钢管实测最小内径值提出复验控制。

If the shell of heat exchangers can be penetrated by the tube bundle easily is not only important to the reliability of manufacture, but also important to the service and maintenance. Take a heat exchanger whose shell cannot be penetrated by the tube bundle, for instance, the analysis and discussion of the relative issues about design and manufacture of heat exchangers whose cylindrical shell is made from steel pipe have be done. The result is that, to ensure that the shell of heat exchangers can be penetrated by the tube bundle easily, not only should we pay attention on the determination of the outside diameter of baffles in accordance with the minimum actual measured inside diameter of steel pipe, but also we should determine the inside diameter of the considered elements such as shell flange in accordance with the minimum actual measured inside diameter of steel pipe. The more rational solution is that, not only should the manufacturer order the steel pipe in advance and should ask the steel tube works to tell him the minimum actual measured inside diameter of steel pipe, but also the manufacturing procedures shall require the retest control for the minimum actual measured inside diameter of steel pipe once the outside diameter and thickness of steel pipe which is used to made the cylindrical shell is determined for the design of heat exchangers.