4个主效基因与英系长白猪繁殖性能的相关性分析

The Association Analysis Between 4 Major Genes and Reproductive Traits in British Landrace Pigs

为寻找有效的分子标记用于英系长白猪辅助育种进而提高其繁殖性能,在英系长白猪群(169头)中采用PCR-RFLP技术,进行雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ESR)、视黄醛结合蛋白(retinol binding protein 4,RBP4)、瘦素(leptin,LEP)和促卵泡素亚基β(follicle-stimulating hormoneβ,FSHβ)4种与繁殖性状相关基因的基因型频率检测,利用SPSS 19.0统计软件,采用最小二乘法将各基因不同基因型与总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶窝重、断奶头数进行了相关分析。结果显示,ESR、RBP4、LEP基因均以A为优势等位基因,FSHβ基因以B为优势等位基因,其中LEP、FSHβ基因多态位点符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05),而ESR、RBP4基因多态位点处于Hardy-Weinberg不平衡状态(P<0.01);LEP基因在长白猪母猪中表现为BB基因型为有利基因型,其总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶头数分别比AB基因型高1.3219、1.6855、1.1710头(P<0.05);FSHβ基因中AA基因型为不利基因型,BB基因型断奶窝重比AA基因型高5.1129kg(P<0.05);ESR、RBP4基因对长白母猪繁殖性能均无显著影响(P>0.05),而LEP、FSHβ基因可能作为有价值的候选基因应用于英系长白猪的分子标记辅助选择。

The purpose of this study was to identify candidate genes associated with reproduction traits and explore the available molecular marker in British Landrace pig breed. The PCR-RFLP technique was applied to analyze the distribution of estrogen receptor （ESR）, retinol binding protein 4 （RBP4）, leptin （LEP） and follicle-stimulating hormone β （FSHβ） genes in British Landrace pigs. The genetic effects of ESR, RBP4, LEP and FSHβ on the reproductive traits included total number born, number born alive, weaning weight of litter, weaning piglet, which were analyzed by using least square method of SPSS 19.0 software. This results demonstrated that A was dominant allele in ESR, RBP4, LEP genes, and B was dominant allele in FSHβ gene. The result of χ^2 test showed that the polymorphic sites of LEP, FSHβ genes were fit with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium （P〉0.05）, while this site of ESR and RBP4 were not fit with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium （P〈0.01）. In addition, the statistical analysis indicated that the total number born, number born alive and number of alive weaning litter with BB genotype of LEP were higher than AA genotype, which were significantly increased by 1.3219, 1.6855 and 1.1710 （P〈0.05）, respectively;The FSHβ loci had a remarkable effect on reproductive performance, the average weaning weight with BB genotype was significantly higher than AA genotype, which was significantly increased by 5.1129 kg （P〈0.05）. The ESR and RBP4 loci had no significant effect on reproductive traits （P〉0.05）, while the LEP and FSHβ genes were valuable candidates for possible marker-assisted selection in British Landrace pigs population.