健康信念模式指导下的健康教育对慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者焦虑及疲劳的影响

Effect of Health Education Under the Guidance of Health Belief Model on Anxiety and Fatigue of Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的探讨健康信念模式指导下的健康教育对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性发作期(acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,AECOPD)患者焦虑及疲劳的影响。方法采用便利抽样法选择2012年12月至2013年10月在泰州市人民医院住院治疗的99例AECOPD患者为研究对象。按患者入院先后将其分为对照组(n=52)和观察组(n=47)。对照组患者接受常规健康教育并随访,观察组在此基础上接受健康信念模式指导下的健康教育并随访。在入院时、出院时及出院6周时采用焦虑自评量表和多维疲劳量表评定两组患者的焦虑及疲劳情况。结果干预后,两组患者不同时点焦虑及疲劳评分变化比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者焦虑及疲劳评分下降显著,两组患者焦虑及疲劳评分的时间效应、分组效应和交互效应比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论健康信念模式指导下的健康教育有助于改善AECOPD患者的焦虑及疲劳。

Objective To study the effect of health education under the guidance of health belief model on anxiety and fatigue of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （AECO- PD）.Methods By convenience sampling, 99 cases were selected and divided into control group （n=52） and observation group （n = 47）.The control group received routine health education and followed-up, while the observation group received health education under the guidance of health belief model and follow-up under the basis of routine health education.The scores of anxiety and fatigue were evaluated by self-rating anxiety scale（SAS） and multidimensional fatigue inventory（MFI-20） on admission, discharge and discharge at six weeks.Results After the intervention , the difference of the anxiety and fatigue scores between the two groups was statistically significant with different point comparisons （P〈0.05）. The anxiety and fatigue scores were reduced significantly in the observation group, and the differences of time effect, group effect and interaction effect were statistically significant in two groups （all P〈0.05）.Conclusions Health education under the guid- ance of health belief model can improve the anxiety and fatigue of AECOPD patients.