社区失能老人主要照顾者赋权能力及老人日常生活能力的相关性

A Correlative Study on Empowerment of Main Caregivers and Activity Daily Living of the Community Disabled Elderly

目的了解社区失能老人主要照顾者的赋权能力和老人日常生活能力现状并探讨二者关系。方法采用描述性研究,2014年8月至2015年3月间便利选取北京市方庄社区、和平里社区及月坛社区失能老人及其主要照顾者220对,采用日常生活活动(activity daily living,ADL)量表和主要照顾者的赋权能力量表(main caregivers empowerment measurement,MCEM)评价失能老人的日常生活能力和主要照顾者的赋权能力。结果 220名失能老人主要照顾者的赋权能力为(156.98±13.82)分,总得分最高的维度为"与被照顾者的关系"(3.64±0.43分),而得分最低的维度为"个人资源"(2.33±0.62分);失能老人的日常生活能力总分在0~60分[55(40,60)]。照顾者赋权能力总评分与ADL总分呈正相关(r=0.240,P<0.05)。结论照顾者MCEM得分高组其被照顾者ADL水平高于MCEM得分低组,尤其是照顾主体、对照顾作用的认识、对照顾结果的期待等与ADL水平呈正相关。故应注意以上预测变量,以帮助照顾者提高赋权能力,进而提高被照顾老年人的日常生活能力。

Objective To investigate the level of main caregivers~ empowerment and activity of daily living （ADL） among the disabled elderly, and to explore the correlation between them.Methods A total of 220 disabled elderly and their main caregivers from three communities （Fang Zhuang, Hepingli and Yuetan） in Beijing were randomly selected by convenience sampling methods and surveyed by main caregivers empow- erment measurement （MCEM）, and activity daily living scale. Results Average of the empowerment of main caregivers was （156.98＋13.82）,the highest scored dimension was ＇the relationship with the elderly ＇（3.64~0.43）, while the lowest scored dimension was ＇personal recourses^（2.33-＋-0.62）.The score of ac- tivity daily living was 0-60 [-55（40,60）].The total score of caregivers＇ empowerment was positively corre- lated with ADL （r：O.240,P^O.OS）.Conclusions Caregivers with higher MCEM, the ADL level of patients was higher than those with low MCEM score.The elderly, recognition of caring and expectation of the caring outcome are positively correlated with ADL. So there is a need to improve the caregivers＇ em- powerment and improve the activities of daily living.