不动产错误登记责任的形态及归责原则

The form of liability for the wrong registration of real estate and the principle of imputation

从不动产登记行为的性质、保障权利人利益等角度出发,将《中华人民共和国物权法》第21条中登记机构的赔偿责任认定为民事侵权赔偿责任更为恰当。同时,按产生错误登记的不同情形,不动产错误登记侵权责任形态应该分为自己责任、不真正连带责任、按份责任。对于归责原则,在解释论上,对登记机构的归责仍应适用一般的过错责任原则;在立法论上,该归责适用过错责任原则中的过错推定规则更为妥当。

From the point of view of the nature of the registration of real estate and the protection of the interests of the right holder,it is more appropriate to judge the liability of the registration institution in Article 21 of the Property Law of the People＇s Republic of China as the civil tort liability. At the same time,according to the different circumstances of the wrong registration, the forms of the tort liability for the wrong registration of real estate should be divided into self-liability, not-really-joint liability and shared liability. For the principle of imputation, in the interpretation, the attribution of the registration authority should be applied to the principle of general fault liability;in the legislation, it is more appropriate to be applied to the fault presumption in the principle of fault liability.