论担保概念界定的价值、路径与方法

On the Value,Path and Method of Concept Definition of Security

立法未对担保概念做出明确规定,学界至今也尚未取得共识,导致理论与实践的混乱。规范指引和适用需要明确担保的概念和指向,类型化的立法和理论已经难以满足担保实践的需要,因此界定担保概念具有重要价值。在担保概念的界定路径上有构造主义和功能主义之分,逻辑结果和实践需求均需要在功能界定的基础上辅之以构造上的分析。在方法上,以基于功能主义基础上的外延式担保概念为切入点,借用权利这一分析工具,通过对担保客体、担保意思、设立模式、担保效力等构成要素或法律关系内容进行演绎,最终求解担保概念的基本范畴,既是必经之路,亦是可用之法。

There is no consensus on the concept of security in legislation,and the academic circles have not yet reached consensus,which leads to the confusion of theory and practice. The typing legislation and theory has been difficult to meet the needs of security practice. The definition of the concept of security is of great value because of need for explicit security from the application of law and normative guidelines. In the definition of the concept of security,there is a division between structuralism and functionalism,and both logical and practical needs are complemented by structural analysis on the basis of functional definition. In the actual operation,with the extending security concept based on functionalism as the starting point,using rights-analysis tools,analyzing the constituent elements or legal relationship content including the security object,meaning,the establishment of security mode,the security effectiveness,then find the final solution of the concept of security,which is the necessary method and also the available method.