美国女子篮球后备人才培养体系的内容、特征与启示

The contents,characteristics and enlightenment of training mechanism for reserving woman basketball talents in America

1972年美国教育法修正案第九章(Title Ⅸ)禁止联邦资助机构中性别歧视的规定为美国女子篮球运动的蓬勃发展提供了法律保障,然而美国女子篮球运动也同样遭遇来自个体、家庭、学校和社会层面的性别认知差异阻碍。为此,美国女子篮球人才培养基本沿用其男子篮球培养体系,但在具体的操作层面出台针对性措施,表现为以高效的管理组织为纽带、以政策支持为基础、以教育系统内庞大数量的学生运动员为人才库、以学生运动员全面发展为核心的特征。由此提出对我国女篮后备人才培养的启示:规范管理机构,必要的政策支持,对接学校教育体系,体育文化引导,篮球市场深度开发。

A 1 though the provisions ol the Title IX in 1972 Amendment to the Education Act that prohibits gender discrimination in federal funding agencies provide a legal guarantee lor the vigorous development ol American women＇s sports, women＇s basketball still suffered from the individual, family, school and social aspects of gender in cognitive differences. A s a result, American women＇s basketball talents training basically borrows from men＇s basketball training system,but in the specific operational level,targeted measures are introduced, characterized by taking efficient management organization as the link,the policy support as the base,a large number of students in the education system as the talent pool, and the all-round development of student athletes as the core. T he following inspirations are drawn ： to standardize management institutions, give necessary policy support, establish contact with school education system, give sports culture guidance, and develop basketball market deeply.