基于改进的Goodman曲线的车轮疲劳强度评估方法研究

Assessment method for fatigue strength of wheel based on improved Goodman curve

传统的Haigh型式的Goodman曲线计算方法比较简单,疲劳评估结果往往不能完整反应车轮的疲劳状况。为了弥补Haigh型式的Goodman曲线法在计算车轮疲劳强度过程中的不足和提高车轮疲劳强度安全系数计算的准确性,在Haigh型式的Goodman曲线法的基础上进行改进,完善车轮疲劳的计算工况及计算方法,将安全系数作为疲劳评估的关键参数。以多个不同类型的车轮为对象,进行有限元仿真分析,并分别运用Haigh形式的Goodman曲线法、Crossland准则和改进的Goodman曲线法对车轮的幅板和辐板孔等关键位置进行疲劳强度计算与评估。对比计算结果表明:3种方法的计算结果趋势基本一致,在车轮的一些评估位置改进的Goodman曲线法计算的安全系数要小于Haigh型式的Goodman曲线方法的计算结果,说明改进的Goodman曲线计算方法更加安全有效。但是,对于非轴对称车轮的辐板孔等位置,仍必须使用Crossland准则评估疲劳强度,以保证车轮的运行安全。

Due to the simplicity of traditional Haigh-Goodman method, the fatigue assessment usually cannot reflect the fatigue condition of wheels. To make up the shortage of Haigh-Goodman method in calculating process of the wheel fatigue strength and improve the accuracy of the calculation of the wheel fatigue strength safety factor, the Haigh-Goodman method was improved, which included putting the safety factor as the key of fatigue assessment and improving the main method of calculation. Taking different types of wheels as objects, the finite element models were carried out. The fatigue strength of the key positions of the wheel was evaluated by the ways of the Haigh-Goodman method, improved Goodman method and Crossland criterion. Compared with the results, the three methods are basically identical. In many positions of the wheel, the safety factor of the improved Goodman method compared with Haigh-Goodman method are smaller, but for the plate holes of the non-axisymmetrical wheels, Crossland criterion still be used to evaluate the fatigue strength of wheels, to ensure the safe operation of wheels.