基于一步法SFA模型的非农参与影响粮食生产技术效率的研究——来源于黑龙江省1140户农户的实证检验

Study on Off-farm Work Affecting Technical Efficiency of Grain Production Based on the One-Step SFA Model——An Empirical Test from 1140 Farmers in Heilongjiang Province

以黑龙江省1 140户农户的调研数据为样本,基于一步法随机前沿生产函数模型,实证探究非农参与如何影响农户粮食生产技术效率,并且在研究中还考虑了土地规模对后者的影响。研究的结论发现,非农参与、土地规模均正向影响粮食的技术效率,进一步的讨论表明,从非农参与的异质性角度出发,户主参与非农活动、异地的非农参与和壮年劳动力进行非农参与分别相较于其对照组呈现更低的技术效率水平。据此提出政策建议,加快推动剩余劳动力投入到非农参与中;在黑龙江地区要继续加强家庭农场、农业经营大户的先锋示范作用,推动土地的规模化经营;考虑到非农参与的异质性,要结合农户实际推出针对性的方针措施,考虑不同情况进行有序引导,使得农户坚持重视粮食生产,保障我国整体粮食供给安全的红线。

Based on the survey data of 1140 agricultural households in Heilongjiang Province as samples,the authors use one-step stochastic frontier production function model to empirically study how off-farm work influences farmers＇ grain production technical efficiency,and also consider how the scale of the farm land influences the latter.The conclusion of research finds that both off-farm work and land scale affect the technical efficiency.Further discussion shows that from the perspective of heterogeneity of off-farm work,the following three groups show lower level of technical efficiency compared with the control group,which are the head of the household,long-distance off-farm work and mature labor to participate in off-farm work.Some policy suggestions are to accelerate the surplus labor to participate in off-farm work; continue to strengthen the role of family farm and large scale grain production farmers to promote the scale management of land in Heilongjiang province; considering the heterogeneity of off-farm work,specific policy measures should be introduced to adapt to different farmers＇ situation and make farmers stick to red line of food production to ensure food supply security.