农民环保意识对农村环境污染的影响研究--来自安徽的736个样本

Analysis of the Effect of Farmers' Environmental Awareness on Rural Environmental Pollution Based on 736 Samples from Anhui Province

通过建立具有路径导向的农村环境污染结构方程模型,来研究农民环保意识及其他农村环境影响因素的作用路径。结果显示:农民环保意识的提高能显著减少农民的农业生产性及生活排污;而以政府为主体的农村环保治理机制并不能显著地改善农村生态环境,但却有益于提高农民的环保意识,进而间接影响农民的污染行为。因此,在农村环境治理陷入困境的新阶段,应提出通过环境信息共享、环境公共教育体系等提高农民的环境主体意识,形成环境道德观念"软约束";同时,加强外界约束机制如立法、村规等体制"硬约束"来减少污染行为。

Through the establishment of a path-oriented structural equation model about rural environmental pollution, the effect path of farmers＂ environmental awareness and other factors influencing the rural ecological environment is studied. The results show that the improvement of farmers＂ environ- mental awareness can significantly reduce their pollution behavior in their agricultural production and daily life. The government-based rural environmental protection mechanism can not significantly im- prove the rural ecological environment, but it is beneficial to improve the farmers＇ awareness of envi- ronmental protection and can exert an effect on their pollution behavior indirectly. Therefore, in view of the dilemma of rural environmental governance, the farmers＂ environmental awareness should be improved through the environmental information sharing and public environmental education system, so as to establish the ＂soft constraints＂ of environmental ethics. At the same time, the external re- straint mechanisms such as legislation, village regulations and other ＂hard constraints＂ should be strengthened to reduce the pollution behavior.