《了不起的盖茨比》中非真实性话语的顺应性分析

An Adaptation-based Analysis of Deception in The Great Gatsby

非真实性话语(Deception,简称DEC)作为言语行为中的一种语用策略,在日常生活交际和文学作品中被频繁使用。不少学者从哲学、社会学、语用学等视角对其进行了探究。通过对这些研究的回顾和总结,指出了其成就和不足之处,并试图用Verschueren的语言顺应论分析《了不起的盖茨比》中人物选择使用非真实性话语作为语用策略的情况。指出小说中人物在交际时对非真实性话语的选择和使用是与语言使用者的物理世界、社交世界和心理世界相互顺应的结果,以实现自己的交际意图。

As a linguistic strategy of speech act, deception（DEC） is widely adopted in both daily communication and literary works. Some scholars have studied it from several perspectives, such as philosophy, sociology, pragmatics and so on. By reviewing the related studies and pointing at their achievements and limitations, this paper attempts to analyze DEC as a linguistic strategy chosen by characters in The Great Gatsby from the viewpoint of Verschueren＇s linguistic adaptation theory. Conclusions can be drawn that choices and uses of DEC are interadaptable with language usersphysical world, social world and mental world, which contributes to realizing users＇ communicative intentions.