白藜芦醇治疗溃疡性结肠炎的机制研究进展

Research Progress Mechanism of Resveratrol in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

溃疡性结肠炎是一类病因不明的肠道慢性非特异性炎症性疾病,目前认为发病是由于易感基因、环境因素和免疫因素之间相互作用,引起粘膜免疫活性细胞激活,从而产生炎性细胞因子和炎症介质。溃疡性结肠炎病变多位于直肠和乙状结肠,可以延伸至降结肠,甚至影响到整个结肠。患者的病程持续很久,并且反复发作。典型临床症状包括腹痛、腹泻和粘液或脓血便。白藜芦醇是一种天然的多酚类化合物,主要来源于葡萄、虎杖和桑椹等植物。近年来研究发现,其具有抗炎、抗氧化和抗纤维化等多种生物学活性,能够有效抑制环氧合酶-2(COX-2)的表达,下调核转录因子(NF-κB),激活过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体(PPAR),进而影响下游促炎细胞因子产生,减轻炎症损伤。临床研究发现给病人补充白藜芦醇能够很好的缓解病情。该文主要综述了白藜芦醇目前在体内外和临床实验的研究进展,深入探讨白藜芦醇治疗溃疡性结肠炎的机制进展,将为其在临床治疗中的应用奠定理论基础和思路。

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic and nonspecific inflammatory disease of the colon with unknown etiology in humans. Many patients with ulcerative colitis frequently exhibit refractory ulcerations and develop severe intestinal fibrosis that eventually causes intestinal obstruction. The current studies show that the causes of the disease are due to susceptibility genes, environmental factors and the interaction between immune factors,which will cause mucosal activation of the immune cells, producing inflammatory cyto- kines and inflammatory mediators. The lesions of ulcerative colitis are located in the rectum and sigmoid colon, which also can be extended to the descending colon, and even the entire colon. The clinical course of the patient lasted for a long time and the condition will have repeated attacks. The typical clinical symptoms of ulcerative colitis include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and mucus or pus and blood. Most conventional therapeutic agents for ulcerative colitis include 5-aminosalicylates, corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents. However,these drugs are associated with a lot of unacceptable side effects and comphcations. Therefore,the search for new molecules,preferably of natural origin, with high efficacy and safety is urgent. Resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic compound which has lots of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidation and anti-fibrosis. It is a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytoalexin produced by a wide range of different plants, including grapes, blueberries, mul berries, cranberries, and peanuts. Its antioxidant anti-inflammatory, anticancer effect has been widely reported. In recent years, many studies show that resveratrol can effectively inhibit the expression of Cyclooxygenasa-2 （COX-2）, down-regulate Nuclear factor-kappa B （NF-κB） and activate Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR）, thereby affecting pro-inflammatory cytokines production and reducing injury of inflammation. The newest reserach progress of resveratrol in vivo and vitro is reviewed in this paper. This article is expected to explore the mechanism of resveratrol in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, providing theoretical basis and useful ideas for the application of ulcerative colitis in clinical treatment.