典型国家与地区的反腐败举报制度之比较

A Comparative Study of Anti-corruption Whistle-blowing System of Typical Countries and Regions

举报制度对于反腐败工作具有非常重要的意义,文章对中国、美国、英国、南非和中国香港的反腐败举报制度进行了比较研究。研究发现,上述各国(地区)在举报立法、途径、激励、保护等方面都存在着比较大的差异,各有优劣,其中香港地区的举报制度成效最佳;同时,各个国家(地区)的举报制度之间存在着某种程度的渊源关系,相互的学习和借鉴为各国(地区)的举报制度确立、发展和完善做出了较大贡献。

The whistle-blowing system is of great significance to anti-corruption. This paper conducts a comparative study of the whistle-blowing system of China, America, UK, South Africa and Hong Kong and analyzes the advantages and drawbacks of each system. Findings of this study indicate that the whistle-blowing system of these five countries and regions show a comparatively large difference in the whistle-blowing legislation, approaches, incentive mechanism, and protection for the whistleblowers. Among others, Hong Kong＇ s system produces the best results. Meanwhile, this study finds that the whistle-blowing system of different countries and regions exists a certain degree of connection. Therefore, learning from each other may help the countries and regions to improve and perfect their whistle-blowing system.