印度处境不利儿童学前教育问题探索与启示

Exploration of the Issue of Preschool Education of Disadvantaged Children in India and the Enlightenment to China

近十年来,各国对处境不利儿童学前教育问题的重视程度日益提高。中国与印度同为发展中国家,具有相似的社会发展水平,这使借鉴印度解决处境不利儿童学前教育问题的探索成果,更具可能和现实意义。运用文献检索与分析的方法,介绍印度独立后处境不利儿童学前教育的发展概况,对法律与财政、政策与项目和非正规学前教育三个方面的措施进行分析,从中获得解决处境不利儿童学前教育问题的启示。结合我国的现状,提出建议:建立健全保障与支持系统、政府切实重视并干预、加大财政投入力度、加强师资建设以提高学前教育教学质量的建议及对策,促进我国处境不利儿童学前教育的发展。

In recent decade, increasing attention has been given to the problem of preschool education of disadvantaged children by countries. As developing countries, China and India share a lot in its social development, thus the exploration of the issue of preschool education of disadvantaged Children in India is of great meaning for us. Based on literature review and data analysis, the paper introduces the development of preschool education of disadvantaged children in India after its independence, and approaches the measures adopted from 3 aspects including legal and fiscal measures, policies and programs and non-government and informal preschool educatiorL With the reference from it and combing with the specific situation of our country, the paper proposes suggestions for the development of preschool education of disadvantaged children in our country. Supporting systems should be established and further perfected; government should pay real attention and interfere in when necessary; financial input should be increased and the cultivation of teaching staff should be strengthened, hoping to make contribution to the development of preschool education of disadvantaged children in our country.