雾霾期间绝缘子的积污特性研究

Research on Pollution Accumulation Characteristics of Insulators During Fog-Haze Days

积污会使输电线路绝缘子发生污闪的风险增加。近年来雾霾天气频发,开展雾霾条件下绝缘子积污特性研究具有重要意义。针对雾霾期间绝缘子的积污特性,文中开展了不同类型绝缘子及试片在雾霾天气下的自然积污试验,测量了绝缘子在雾霾期间等值盐密的变化,并获得了绝缘子表面污秽微观形貌、粒径分布、无机元素组分及热重曲线等理化特性。结果表明,雾霾期间绝缘子表面等值盐密增速大于空气质量良好时的等值盐密增速;但是雾霾期间的高PM2.5浓度对绝缘子积污的影响有限;就粒径分布与无机元素组分而言,雾霾期积污污秽与长期自然积污污秽差异不大;试片表面光泽度随积污时间增加而下降,光泽度可用于短期少量积污的表征。

Pollution accumulation may increase the risk of pollution flashovers in transmission line insulators. For fog-haze arose frequently in recent years, it is of great significance to research the pollution accumulation characteristics of insulators during fog-haze days. Natural pollution accumulation experiments were conducted during fog-haze days by using different types of insulators and samples. The variation of equivalent salt deposit density （ESDD） during fog-haze days was measured. Moreover, the physicochemical characteristics including microstructttre, particle size distribution, inorganic element composition and thermosgravimetric curves of pollution on insulator surface were obtained. It is turned out that the ESDD increasing rate during fog-haze days is larger than that in general days. However, high concentration of PM2.5 in fog-haze days has limited influence on pollution accumulation. As for particle size distribution and inorganic element composition of pollution on insulator surface, there exists slight difference between fog-haze days and general days. The glossiness of test samples decreases with the increase of pollution accumulation time, which indicates that glossiness can be available for representing a few amount of pollution accumulated in a short period.