生化恐怖袭击下行人应急引导疏散仿真研究

Research on Simulation of Emergency Evacuation Guidance under Biochemical Terror Attacks

地铁站厅等公共场所具有人员密集、空间封闭、地形环境复杂的特点,发生生化恐怖袭击时极易造成大量的人员伤亡。针对生化恐怖袭击时的地铁站厅应急疏散中存在的问题,在疏散时间经验公式基础上结合行人逃生规则制定引导方案对行人进行引导疏散。并分析不同特征的行人在生化恐怖袭击中行为差异,以及对引导疏散过程的影响。通过基于社会力开发的仿真模型模拟各种场景下的疏散过程,指出应急引导疏散方案制定中环境因素及行人行为特征的重要性。

Biochemical terror attacks can cause numerous casualties, especially when it happens in public places such as subway station, which is densely populated, sealed, and complex in topography. And evacuating guidance plays an important role in reducing casualties. A guidance scheme was established based on both evacuating empirical formula and passengers escaping rules, according to evacuation problems in subway station. Meanwhile, the different features of passengers and their behaviors under attack were analyzed, as well as their impacts on evacuation. By simulating various evacuation situations based on social force simulation model, the importance of environmental features and passengers features in making evacuation guidance was indicated.